Subject: [fem-women2000 442] IWTC Women's GlobalNet #153 - 北京＋５、世界のメディア報道から
From: lalamaziwa <lalamaziwa@jca.apc.org>
Date: Thu, 06 Jul 2000 10:31:52 +0900
Seq: 442
IWTC グローバルネット１５３号は、奇しくも北京＋５のメディア報道について。
というわけで、以下日本語版。一部は抜粋翻訳。原文末尾。
＃このベースになったCCMCのレポートは、以下のURLでどうぞ。
http://www.jca.apc.org/fem/news/women2000/416.html
http://www.jca.apc.org/fem/news/women2000/419.html
--lalamaziwa
*
IWTC 女性のグローバルネット１５３号（2000年7月5日）
世界の女性による活動とイニシアティブ
By Anne S. Walker
================================
世界のメディア、北京＋５を報道す
================================
欧州情報サービス、欧州レポート
------------------------------
(Europe Information Service European Report, June 24, 2000)
■「欧州議会、北京＋５の成果に煮え切らない判決」
６月７日、北京＋５に参加した欧州議会議員 (MEPs) の一団が、女性の人権機
会均等委員会の同僚たちに、会議成果に対する複雑な心境を報告した。 6月15日
に採択された欧州議会決議は、北京宣言を実施するための更なる行動とイニシア
ティブに対する約束が十分に果たされていないことについての失意を表している。
女性委員会委員は、イスラム諸国とバチカンが、反差別（特にセクシュアルオリ
エンテーションに対して）を謳う欧州連合条約 ?(Treaty)13条に反していること
に対する不満をさらけだした。
一方、MEPsは、北京で達成された約束（コミットメント）が侵食されなかった
ことには満足しており、欧州連合(ＥＵ)がＮＹで合意された追加行動とイニシア
ティブを早急に実施することを望んでいる。MEPsはまた、５年後に第五回国連世
界女性会議を開催することを望んでいる。
インタープレスサービス, June 23, 2000
-------------------------------------
■「アルゼンチン、産児制限手段え女性アクセス解禁」
従来バチカン路線でいたアルゼンチンだが、昨年12月から政権に就いたフェル
ナンド・デラ・ラー連立政権の下では反対の色が薄らいだ。
新法によって、女性、特に経済力の低いティーンエージャーが公立病院で産児制
限手段の情報や、リプロと生殖関連の検査を受けられるようになった。健康面の
啓蒙にかかわる女性の団体が長年求めてきた新法は、これまで中絶や10代の妊娠
予防の必要性を訴えてきた地域のＮＧＯや産婦人科、産科にも賞賛されている。
ザ・ヒンドゥー (The Hindu. June 21, 2000)
-----------------------------------------
■「マレーシア、女性のための情報通信技術を全面推進へ」
マレーシア国連開発計画(UNDP)と女性連合が協力して女性のための情報通信技
術を全面推進する旨の記者会見の報道。
■「正義は未だ女性のものにあらず」
国連プロセスや自国政府の番犬としてのＮＧＯの役割が北京＋５のようなイベ
ントの信頼性を高める要素になっている。数千の参加者があったこの会議は明ら
かに巨大イベントであった。ＮＧＯ（裏舞台の役者たち、しかも５名しか発言を
許されなかった）にとって、行動綱領は、多くの政府代表団が政治的詭弁に使う
国際文書という位置付けと一線を画す。これは、「世界の多様な文脈における正
義を求める女性の闘いの到達点であり、女性の権利を人権とみなす社会に向けた
彼女らの展望と希望なのである。」
■「世界ＮＧＯレポートが指摘する恐ろしい事実」
グローバル化の影響が十分にモニターされず、政府政策によって女性の暮らし
が一層の窮乏に追い込まれているところもある。という世界ＮＧＯレポートの指
摘を紹介し、経済と女性の状況について、地域別のハイライトを引用。
ザ・ネーション (The Nation, June 26, 2000)
------------------------------------------
■「女性：二歩前進、一歩後退？国連総会女性の人権の国際的実施状況を評価」
北京同様、数百のＮＧＯから何千もの女性がＮＹに集まった。それぞれにロビー
活動を行い、互いのメモを見比べ、草の根ラジオからグローバル化に至までの情
報交換が行われた。宗教原理主義を叩くパネル討議には、ベールや、チャドル、
アフリカ民族衣装、ビジネススーツを身にまとった女性たちでごった返していた。
北京の空気が世界的フェミニズムを主流化する可能性への興奮であったとして、
ニューヨークのそれは警戒感であった。最新の国連統計には、明るい話題が点在
している。若年婚と幼令出産がいたる所で減少し、インドでは法務に就く女性が
急増した。アルゼンチンその他の国でジェンダー別クオータ制が導入され、義務
教育と高等教育の双方でゆっくりとだがジェンダー格差が解消しつつある。
しかし、国連その他の調査によると全体状況は芳しくない。貧困、ＤＶ、自殺が
驚くべき割合に上るのである。
貧富の差の拡大、公共サービスや債務に対する安全策の崩壊、強制による人身
売買と性奴隷化の爆発的拡大、ＡＩＤＳ危機の蔓延、戦争など、女性の進展に対
する主な脅威のうちいくつかものは、複雑で、厄介で、解決に膨大なコストを伴
う。これは、政府が金のかからない法的改革に取組まないことを非難すべき理由
でもある。妻としての従順を義務付ける婚姻法や、関係解消を意思にせよ気まぐ
れにせよ男性に認める(女性に認めない)離婚法の改革、そして、男性「保護者」
の許可無く移動する自由や就学、就業する権利など基本的自由に対する制限の撤
廃。これらに必要なのは政治的意思だけではないか。ナイジェリアでは体罰によ
って夫に妻を「矯正する」ことが認められている。コスタリカほか少なくともあ
と５カ国ではレイプ犯が被害者と結婚することで起訴を免れることができる。サ
ウジアラビアでは女性が車を運転することが未だに許されていない。クウェート
では投票権すらない。
私たちの政府（米国）の実績は喜ばしいものではない。米国ウィメンコネクト
が発表した米国行動綱領成績表は、５段階評価で４、３、２が大半を占め、福祉
改革には特大の１が付けられていた。各国政府のまだらな成績に輪をかけたのは、
それぞれの国で女性の進歩を妨害する原理主義者と狂信者による会議自体に対す
る脅威である。北京文書を薄めるために、バチカンは再び一握りの国々（アルジェ
リア、イラン、パキスタン、スーダン、リビア）と手を結び、今回は、歴史的に
国連の存在自体に反対してきた米国宗教右派も論争に加わった。これらのキリス
ト教と思しき組織が、同じ宗派のリベラルなメンバーよりもむしろ、女性が姦通
したと言って投石され、髪が一筋見えたからと言って警官に殴打されるイスラム
教国家とより多くの共通点を持つことは、彼らのもくてきについて多くを語る。
２１世紀が始まるいま、女たちに１７世紀の闘いを戦えというのか？
---------------- Original message follows ----------------
From: iwtc <iwtc@iwtc.org>
To: iwtc-womensglobalnet@igc.topica.com
Date: Wed, 05 Jul 2000 16:27:05 -0700
Subject: Women's GlobalNet #153
--
IWTC Women's GlobalNet #153
Activities and Initiatives of Women Worldwide
By Anne S. Walker
July 5th, 2000
MEDIA WORLDWIDE REPORTS ON BEIJING PLUS FIVE.
The following are excerpts from some of the worldwide media coverage of
Beijing Plus Five, collected by the Communications Consortium Media
Center (CCMC). For more information, and for a full analysis of media
coverage, contact: Kathy Bonk ,Communications Consortium Media Center,
1200 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20005, USA. Tel:
(1-202) 326-8700. E-mail: <women2000@ccmc.org>
Europe Information Service
European Report, June 24, 2000
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT BEIJING + 5 WOMEN'S CONFERENCE DELEGATION GIVES
MIXED VERDICT
A group of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) who attended the
United Nations Special Session on Women reported their mixed feelings
about the results to their colleagues in the women's rights and equal
opportunities committee on 20 June. A European Parliament Resolution
adopted on 15 June expresses disappointment that promises of further
actions and initiatives to implement the Beijing Declaration were not
fully met. The Women's Committee members complained that Islamic
countries and the Vatican were against the provisions of Article 13 of
the EU Treaty on anti-discrimination, especially those on sexual
orientation. The MEPs were pleased that the document did not undermine
the commitments achieved at Beijing, and hope that the European Union
(EU) will implement the extra actions and initiatives which were agreed
in New York quickly. MEPs want a fifth UN World Conference on Women to
be organized in five years' time.
Inter Press Service, June 23, 2000
ARGENTINA: WOMEN TO ENJOY FREE ACCESS TO BIRTH CONTROL
Earlier this month, a delegation of Argentine women flew to New York to
take part in "Beijing Plus Five". Argentina has traditionally voted
alongside the Vatican and the bloc of countries most staunchly opposed
to family planning. But the alliance government of Fernando de la Ra,
which took office in December, has taken a less militant stance against
women's reproductive health rights. Through the new law, women, and
especially low-income teenagers, will now enjoy access to information,
exams related to reproductive health, and birth control in public
hospitals in Buenos Aires. Demanded by women's and health advocacy
groups for years, the new law was applauded by local non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) as well as gynecologists and obstetricians who have
long defended the need to prevent abortions and teen pregnancy.
The Hindu. June 21, 2000
MALAYSIA GOING ALL OUT TO PROMOTE IT TO WOMEN.
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Malaysia is committed
to going all out in implementing information technology (IT) programmes
to improve the status of women in the country. National Council of
Women's Organizations deputy president Datin Prof Dr Sharifah Hapsah
Shahabudin said UNDP would provide women, especially in rural areas,
with IT knowledge and access. Sharifah Hapsah represented UNDP at the UN
General Assembly Special Session in New York, also known as "Beijing
plus Five". She said she was glad that the issue of IT and women was
highlighted at the event. "IT and how it can be used to help uplift the
status of women worldwide is an emerging issue discussed during the
five-day assembly," she told a Press conference here today.
JUSTICE STILL ELUDES WOMEN
The growing role of the NGOs as watchdogs of the UN process and of their
own governments lends credibility to events such as Beijing+5. Attended
by thousands of government delegates and non-governmental observers,
this was truly a mega event. For the NGOs, --the behind-the-scenes
actors in the UN drama - only five of them were allowed to address the
Assembly very briefly -- the Beijing Platform for Action (PFA) is not
just an international document to pay lip service to, as it is to most
of the political delegates, but is the "culmination of women's struggles
for justice in their diverse contexts around the world and an embodiment
of their vision and hopes for a society that recognizes women's rights
as human rights," as an NGO at Beijing+5 put it.
GRIM OBSERVATIONS MADE IN NGO ALTERNATIVE GLOBAL REPORT
The NGO field level experience of the impact of globalization and
structural adjustment policies on women the world over was reflected in
the grim observations made in the NGO Alternative Global Report
presented to the UNGASS. The report identifies the policies that
aggravate the so-called "feminization of poverty", the privatization of
public services, trade liberalization, deregulation of economies,
withdrawal of subsidies, downsizing of government, substitution of food
production by cash crops and failure to monitor and regulate the inflow
of foreign capital and enterprise.
The NGO Alternative Report of the U.S. sub-region is unsparing in its
criticism of the U.S. Government: "A high priority of the PFA is the
creation of an enabling environment for women to build and maintain
sustainable livelihoods, but despite the current unprecedented period of
economic growth in the U.S., too many women and children continue to
live in poverty, particularly minority and rural women. More women are
working than ever before, but they are working for low pay in insecure
jobs where they don't earn enough to adequately support their families.
Government policies of the last five years have not only failed to
address this issue, but some policy decisions have actually exacerbated
the situation."
The NGO Alternative Global Report shows a keen sensitivity to the far-
reaching fallout of political events in the regions for women. The new
challenges confronting women in the former socialist countries of Europe
are captured in this comment in the Central and Eastern Europe report:
"The economy in transition, the process of privatization in the
sub-region, has often had negative impacts on women - both in terms of
gaining access to assets and in terms of practices of the new private
sector. Following the collapse of communism and lack of a new identity,
a sudden upsurge of nationalism is threatening diversity, tolerance and
peace in the... region. These forces have already proved to be
destabilizing."
The Asia-Pacific report was equally strident in its critique of the
"lack of political will to empower women beyond statements of policy and
legislation, and the all-too frequent reliance on micro-schemes and
initiatives to address macro, systemic or structural problems" of the
member-states of the region.
The African report claims Africa now is worse off than it was five years
ago in terms of armed conflicts, rendering women more vulnerable to
violence, HIV and AIDS.
The Political Declaration of the Women's and Feminist Movements of Latin
America and the Caribbean is proof that the NGOs that authored the
various Alternative Reports have come of age in terms of their depth of
understanding of the dynamics of gender justice: "XXI Century will be
the century of women only if it is also the century of democracy,
politically, economically and socially but also culturally, privately
and intimately... With democratic Governments... and strong civil
societies... we shall be able to assume the challenges of the new
millennium."
The Nation, June 26, 2000
WOMEN: TWO STEPS FORWARD, ONE STEP BACK? UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY MEETS TO
EVALUATE IMPLEMENTATION INTERNATIONALLY OF RIGHTS OF WOMEN
As in Beijing, thousands of women representing hundreds of
non-governmental organizations came to New York from all around the
world to lobby, compare notes and share information on everything from
grassroots radio to globalization. A panel attacking religious
fundamentalism was crowded with women in veils, chadors, African dress
and office wear.
If at Beijing the dominant mood was one of excitement at the prospects
for mainstreaming global feminism, in New York it was mostly wariness.
The latest UN statistics show some bright patches--most regions have
seen declines in early marriage and childbearing; the number of female
legislators has increased dramatically in India, Argentina and other
countries with gender set-asides and quotas; the gender gap in primary
and secondary education is slowly closing. But the overall picture, in
that and other studies, is not a happy one: staggering rates of poverty,
domestic violence, suicide.
Some of the major forces threatening women's progress--the widening gap
between rich and poor, the shredding of social safety nets to service
debts, the explosion in forced trafficking and sexual slavery, the
burgeoning AIDS crisis, war--are complex, intractable, hugely costly to
solve. That makes it all the more reprehensible that governments have
dragged their feet on legal reforms that cost no money, only political
will: changing marriage laws that mandate wifely obedience and divorce
laws that permit men, but not women, to dissolve the union at will or
whim; removing restrictions on basic freedoms, like the right to travel,
study or work without permission of a male "guardian." Nigeria permits
husbands to "correct" their wives through physical punishment; Costa
Rica and at least five other countries allow rapists to avoid
prosecution if they marry their victim. In Saudi Arabia women still
can't drive. In Kuwait they still can't vote.
Our own government's record (i.e. the US) is nothing to crow about. The
feminist group US Women Connect issued a Platform for Action report card
giving this country mostly Bs, Cs and Ds with a big fat F for welfare
reform. Underscoring the spotty performance of governments was the
threat to the conference itself, which came from the same
fundamentalists and zealots who impede women's progress in their home
countries. Once again the Vatican teamed up with a handful of
states--Algeria, Iran, Pakistan, Sudan, Libya--to weaken the language of
the Beijing documents. This time around, the US religious right, which
has historically opposed the UN's very existence, joined in the fray.
That supposedly Christian organizations seem to have more in common with
Muslim countries where women are stoned for "adultery" and beaten by
police for showing a strand of hair, than with the liberal members of
their own denominations speaks volumes about their priorities. At the
beginning of the twenty-first century, must women still fight the
battles of the seventeenth?
IWTC Women's GlobalNet is a production of:
International Women's Tribune Centre
777 United Nations Plaza
3rd Floor
New York, NY 10017, USA
Tel: (1-212) 687-8633
Fax: (1-212) 661-2704
Email: <iwtc@iwtc.org>
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